Tuesday, 9 May 2023

14:30, Aula E (Ca’ Vignal 1).

Ingo Blechschmidt (Universität Augsburg)

Synthetic scheme theory: a simpler framework for algebraic geometry

Note: This talk has been postponed to a later date.

Abstract: The modern framework for algebraic geometry put forward by Grothendieck and his school has been enormously successful, providing the basis for many deep cornerstone results of the subject. Not least, we owe to this basis the proof of Fermat’s Last Theorem. Despite these successes, Grothendieck himself expressed discontent with his framework, and especially in recent years, concerns about the limitations and technical difficulties of the modern theory of algebraic geometry arose.¹

With the benefit of hindsight, now that the mathematical content of the then-revolutionary new approach to algebraic geometry is well-understood, we propose an update to the foundations of algebraic geometry, called synthetic scheme theory, built on three postulates. These postulates capture essential geometric properties and allow us to reason constructively, avoiding the use of transfinite principles and other highly abstract concepts. Our hope is that this approach will allow for a clearer and more intuitive expression of the central notions and insights of algebraic geometry, requiring less technical machinery, will facilitate integrated developments, and promote computer-assisted proofs in the subject.

Crucially, our approach rests on the greater axiomatic freedom provided by constructive mathematics: The three postulates are inconsistent with classical logic.

16:30, Aula Gino Tessari (Ca’ Vignal 2).

Hans Leiß (Universität München)

_Algebraic Representation of the Fixed-Point Closure of *-continuous Kleene Algebras_

Abstract: The theorem of Chomsky and Schützenberger says that each context-free language L over a finite alphabet X is the image of the intersection of a regular language R over X+Y and the context-free Dyck-language D over X+Y of strings with balanced brackets from Y under the bracket-erasing homomorphism from the monoid of strings over X+Y to that of strings over X.

Within Hopkins’ algebraization of formal language theory we show that the algebra C(X) of context-free languages over X has an isomorphic copy in a suitable tensor product of the algebra R(X) of regular languages over X with a quotient of R(Y) by a congruence describing bracket matches and mismatches. It follows that all context-free languages over X can be defined by regular(!) expressions over X+Y where the letters of X commute with the brackets of Y, thereby providing a substitute for a fixed-point-operator.

This generalizes the theorem of Chomsky and Schützenberger and leads to an algebraic representation of the fixed-point closure of *-continuous Kleene algebras.

Tuesday, 21 March 2023, Aula I (Ca’ Vignal 2).

15:00

Matteo Tesi (Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa)

Quantificatori moltiplicativi, esponenziali e cut-elimination (j.w.w. Carlo Nicolai e Mario Piazza)

Abstract: L’aggiunta di un predicato di verità governato da regole ingenue conduce spesso a sistemi contraddittori. Un metodo per recuperare la consistenza consiste nell’adottare una logica priva di contrazione: questa strada è stata seguita - tra gli altri - da Grishin e Cantini. Successivamente un ulteriore approccio basato su quantificatori moltiplicativi è stato proposto da Zardini, ma il sistema si è rivelato inconsistente. Nel presente talk proponiamo un’analisi della logica dei quantificatori moltiplicativi. In primo luogo offriamo una presentazione consistente di un sistema con predicato di verità decitazionale con quantificatori additivi. In seguito mostriamo come gli esponenziali (! e ?) possano essere interpretati in modo corretto e fedele mediante l’uso dei quantificatori moltiplicativi. Infine proponiamo una dimostrazione sintattica di eliminazione del taglio per un calcolo con quantificatori moltiplicativi. L’analisi della strategia porterà alla luce la presenza di contrazione implicita nelle regole dei quantificatori.

Monday, 23 January 2023, Aula F (Ca’ Vignal 1).

15:00

Tatsuji Kawai (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)

Predicative theory of stably locally compact locales

We give a predicative presentation of stably locally compact locales, the class of locales which includes locally compact regular locales (e.g., localic reals) as its subclass. In our setting, a stably locally compact locale is presented as a quasi-proximity lattice, a quasi-bounded distributive lattice (distributive lattice without top) together with a certain idempotent relation on it. Using this structure, we construct a coreflection from the category of locally compact regular locales and cobounded maps to that of stably locally compact locales and perfect maps. The construction of this coreflection generalizes Dedekind’s construction of real numbers as pairs of a lower and an upper cut.

16:30

Hajime Ishihara (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)

Reflexive combinatory algebras

We introduce the notion of reflexivity for combinatory algebras. Reflexivity can be thought of as an equational counterpart of the Meyer-Scott axiom of combinatory models, which indeed allows us to characterise an equationally definable counterpart of combinatory models. This new structure, called strongly reflexive combinatory algebra, admits a finite axiomatisation with seven closed equations, and the structure is shown to be exactly the retract of combinatory models. Lambda algebras can be characterised as strongly reflexive combinatory algebras which are stable.

This is a joint work with Marlou M. Gijzen and Tatsuji Kawai.

On the Algebra of Logic
Tommaso Moraschini (University of Barcelona)

The minicourse On the Algebra of Logic [2 ETCS Mat/01] by Tommaso Moraschini, University of Barcelona, is being videoregistered from now on.

Attendees are expected to have verified, refreshed or acquired adequate basic knowledge of universal algebra before following the videolectures by working through chapters 1 and 2 of the course notes.

Members of the University of Verona are kindly asked to register for the course mailing list by writing to Giulio Fellin. Students of the University of Verona who want to obtain credits for this course also in the future should contact prof. Peter Schuster.

Friday, June 4th, 2021, 11:00, on Zoom.

Roberta Bonacina (Tübingen)
Two-level type theory

Abstract:

Homotopy type theory (HoTT) extends Martin-Löf type theory with the univalence axiom, which establishes a tight connection between types and homotopy spaces and allows to identify isomorphic objects. Univalence has very useful applications, but it has also drawbacks: properties that are not invariant under homotopy cannot be expressed internally. An important case is the concept of semisimplicial types, whose definition is so far elusive in HoTT. Two-level type theory (2LTT) is a formal theory which allows constructions that require access to non-homotopy-invariant notions. It is composed of two separate levels of types related by a conversion function that preserves context extensions; the outer level is Martin-Löf type theory plus the uniqueness of identity proofs, and the inner level is HoTT. In this talk we will discuss the consequences of univalence, and introduce 2LTT as a way to overcome some difficulties. Then, we will introduce the notion of model for this system, and define the syntactical category as a first step to prove an initiality result for the syntax of 2LTT. The last part of the talk is based on a joint work-in-progress with Benedikt Ahrens and Nicolai Kraus.

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster or Giulio Fellin.

Wednesday, April 14th, 2021, 16:30, on Zoom.

Gianluca Amato (Chieti-Pescara)
Universal Algebra in UniMath (joint work with Marco Maggesi and Cosimo Perini Brogi)

Abstract:

In this talk we will report on recent experiments in implementing the basic notions of universal algebra in the Unimath library. Unimath is a replacement of the standard library of the Coq proof assistant based on the univalent foundations of mathematics. Since the use of general higher order inductive types is forbidden in Unimath, a relevant part of this work has been the implementation of terms as lists of function symbols in such a way that the operations on terms are computable by the standard Coq evaluation mechanism.

More information can be found in the preprint.

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster or Giulio Fellin.

Monday, April 12th, 2021, 16:30, on Zoom.

Thierry Coquand (Göteborg)
Sheaf models and constructive mathematics

Abstract:

Sheaf models over sites, introduced by Grothendieck in algebraic geometry, are also important in the meta-theory of intuitionistic mathematics for showing that some properties are not valid constructively or for providing models of the notion of choice sequences. In this talk, I would like to explain another use of sheaf models in constructive mathematics, suggested by Joyal in 1975, which is to provide a way to build an algebraic closure of an arbitrary field.

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster or Giulio Fellin.

Wednesday, February 10th, 2021, 16:30, on Zoom.

Paolo Pistone (Bologna)
The Yoneda Reduction of Polymorphic Types (joint work with Luca Tranchini)

Abstract:

We explore a family of type isomorphisms in System F whose validity corresponds, semantically, to some form of the Yoneda isomorphism from category theory. These isomorphisms hold under theories of equivalence stronger than βη-equivalence, like those induced by parametricity and dinaturality. Based on such isomorphisms, we investigate a rewriting over types, that we call Yoneda reduction, which can be used to eliminate quantifiers from a polymorphic type, replacing them with a combination of monomorphic type constructors. We then demonstrate some applications of this rewriting to problems like counting the inhabitants of a type or characterizing program equivalence in some fragments of System F.

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster or Giulio Fellin.

Thursday, January 21st, 2021, 10:30, on Zoom. PLEASE NOTICE THAT THE TALK WAS POSTPONED

Eugenio Orlandelli (Bologna)
FULL CUT ELIMINATION AND INTERPOLATION FOR INTUITIONISTIC LOGIC WITH EXISTENCE PREDICATE

Abstract:

In previous work by Baaz and Iemhoff, a Gentzen calculus for intuitionistic logic with existence predicate is presented that satisfies partial cut elimination and Craig’s interpolation property; it is also conjectured that interpolation fails for the implication-free fragment. In this paper an equivalent calculus is introduced that satisfies full cut elimination and allows a direct proof of interpolation via Maehara’s lemma. In this way, it is possible to obtain much simpler interpolants and to better understand and (partly) overcome the failure of interpolation for the implication-free fragment.

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster or Giulio Fellin.

Modal Logics and Intuitionistic Logic
Stefania Centrone (TU Berlin)

The minicourse “Modal logics and intuitionistic logic” (12h) has been videoregistered in August 2020. Members of the University of Verona who wish to follow the course but are not authorised to access this link are kindly asked to contact Giulio Fellin.

Abstract
Modal logics capture concepts of necessity and possibility; intuitionistic logic models computation and construction. This minicourse is intended to introduce into both kinds of logic with particular attention on their interaction, from the angles of syntax and semantics but with a certain proof-theoretic flavour. One highlight will be Gödel’s embedding of intuitionistic propositional logic into the modal logic S4, which stood at the beginning of provability logic.

The dynamical method in commutative algebra
Ihsen Yengui (Univ. Sfax, Tunisia)

The minicourse “The dynamical method in commutative algebra” (12h) has been videoregistered in August 2020. Members of the University of Verona who wish to follow the course but are not authorised to access this link are kindly asked to contact Giulio Fellin.

Abstract
Transfinite methods, typically in the form of a variant of Zorn’s Lemma, are frequently invoked during proofs in commutative algebra. Dynamical methods have proved practicable to still render constructive proofs of that kind. Roughly speaking, ideal objects such as prime ideals are approximated by paths in finite trees which are grown as the proofs in question demand and carry the information required for the desired computation.

Friday, July 17th, 2020, 11:00, on Zoom.

Jacopo Emmenegger (Birmingham)
Elementary doctrines as coalgebras (j.w.w. Fabio Pasquali and Pino Rosolini)

Abstract:

Lawvere’s hyperdoctrines mark the beginning of applications of category theory to logic. The connection between (typed) logical theories and certain functors taking values in the category of posets is exemplified by two embeddings: of elementary doctrines into primary ones, and of elementary doctrines with effective quotients into elementary ones. In logical terms these correspond to the inclusion of Λ₌-theories into Λ-theories, resp. of Λ₌-theories with quotients into Λ₌-theories. Each of the two inclusions is part of an adjunction whose right, resp. left, functor adds quotients for equivalence relations. After discussing the above adjunctions and their connection to logic and type theory, I shall present a recent result, obtained with Fabio Pasquali and Pino Rosolini, showing that the first embedding is 2-comonadic. Finally, if time allows, I shall delve into the connections to model theory and discuss how the comonadic adjuntion provides an algebraic description of Shelah’s construction of a theory that eliminates imaginaries from classical model theory. The talk is based on the paper E., Pasquali, Rosolini. Elementary doctrines as coalgebras. J. Pure Appl. Algebra 224, 2020. doi:10.1016/j.jpaa.2020.106445

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster.

COQ introductory mini-course
Andrea Masini (Università di Verona)

Program
1) Recalls of natural deduction (classical and intuitionist) and of typed lambda calculus.
2) Examples of simple proofs in Coq (Goal, Assumptions and Tactics).
3) Functional programming in CoQ.
4) Structured data types.
5) Polymorphism and higher order functions.
6) The basic tactics.
7) Logic in CoQ.
8) Induction

Unfortunately, in a course of only 12 hours, even if intensive, it will not be possible to tackle the applications of COQ, which range from the specification and proof of properties of complex computer systems (SW and HW) to the mechanisation of mathematics (continuous and discrete).

Timetable
Wednesday 9 September 2020, at [10.00-13.00]
Thursday 10 September 2020, at [10.00-13.00]
Wednesday 16 September 2020, at [10.00-13.00]
Thursday 17 September 2020, at [10.00-13.00]

The course is open to everyone, the only pre-requisite is to have the basic knowledge of logic.

It is still not clear whether the course will be held in presence or on-line. We’re waiting for precise indications from the doctoral school.

Thursday, July 9th, 2020, 11:00, on Zoom.

Davide Trotta (Università di Verona)
Hilbert ϵ-operator and existence property in categorical logic (j.w.w. M. Zorzi and M.E. Maietti)

Abstract:

In this talk we present some choice principles in the context of categorical logic and their applications in logic. In particular we focus on the existence property, the choice rule and the Hilbert ϵ-operator. We use the language of doctrines and the existential completion to present these principles and their characterization. Then we provide some direct applications in a fragment of intuitionistic logic.

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster.

!! The seminar was moved to 16:30 !!
Thursday, July 2nd, 2020, 16:30, on Zoom.

Gianluigi Bellin (Università di Verona)
Relational sequent calculus for Bi-Intuitionistic Linear Logic (j.w.w. W. Heijltjes)

Abstract: The relational sequent calculus for BILL used in [Bellin & Heijltjes, {Proof nets for bi-intuitionistic linear logic}, FSCD 2018] is unsound. The problem extends to Hyland and De Paiva Full Iintuitionistic Linear Logic FILL 1993, but only to the treatment of the unit ⊥, as shown by an example of failure of interpolation in the sequent calculus, which yields unsoundness with respect to Hyland and De Paiva’s categorical semantics. We revise the sequent calculus, sketch the proof of interpolation and of cut elimination for it.

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster.

Thursday, June 25th, 2020, 11:00, on Zoom.

Luca Tranchini (Tübingen)
Proof-terms for dual-intuitionistic logic and refutation-terms for intuitionistic logic (j.w.w. Gianluigi Bellin)

Abstract:

In the present paper, we present a term-assignment for the fragment of bi-intuitionistic logic whose only type-forming operation is the dual of intuitionistic implication. Typing judgements have the form x : C ⊢ t₁ : A₁, ..., t_n : A_n i.e. a set of terms is typed by declaring a single variable (somewhat dualizing the simply typed λ-calculus, where a single term is typed declaring a set of variables). The main distinguishing feature of our term calculus is its distributed nature: whereas in the λμ-calculus all conclusions but one are μ-variables, in our calculus the computational content is distributed among the conclusions, i.e. to each conclusion one assigns a possibly complex term; moreover, reduction is also distributed, in the sense that the reduction acts globally on a set of terms, and not on a single one. The duality between our calculus and the simply typed λ-calculus suggests the possibility to use it not only to encode the dual-intuitionistic notion of provability, but an intuitionistic notion of refutability as well. We spell out this idea by using our terms to decorate Prawitz’s rules of intuitionistic natural deduction from the bottom to the top, thereby expressing a backwards reading of intuitionistic rules: given refutations of the conclusions one computes refutations of the premises.

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster.

Thursday, June 18th, 2020, 11:00, on Zoom.

Paolo Maffezioli (University of Barcelona)
Intuitionistic mereology (j.w.w. A. Varzi)

Abstract:

Like any formal theory, mereology consists of axioms concerning the propositional connectives and quantifiers (logical axioms) and axioms concerning the parthood relation (proper axioms). Over the years, philosophical reasons have motivated interest in departing from the traditional axiomatization of mereology. Proper axioms such as the principle of strong supplementation or the principle of unrestricted composition have been weakened or rejected altogether and even elementary axioms like the anti-symmetry of parthood or its transitivity are no longer regarded as uncontentious. Logical axioms have been challenged, too. For example, many-valued logic, free logic and plural quantification have long been considered as sensible alternatives to classical first-order logic and, more recently, mereological theories based on paraconsistent logic have also been proposed. The two kinds of revisions are normally seen as independent from each other, but this isn’t always the case. For instance, I will show that developing an intuitionistic mereology by rejecting the law of excluded middle without touching the proper axioms would fails to validate nearly all the compelling principles of extensionality. If, one the other hand, the logical revision (from classical to intuitionistic logic) is accompanied by a suitable revision of the proper axioms, extensionality can be fully recovered. I will also show that change of the proper axioms can easily be made if the traditional mereological primitives are defined in terms of notions that have been investigated in constructive mathematics, mainly (though not exclusively) the notion of apartness (Brouwer, Heyting) and excess (von Plato).

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster.

Thursday, June 11th, 2020, 11:00, on Zoom.

Michele Pra Baldi (University of Cagliari)
Extensions of paraconsistent weak Kleene logic (j.w.w. F. Paoli)

Abstract:

Paraconsistent Weak Kleene Logic (PWK) is the 3-valued logic based on the weak Kleene matrices and with two designated values. In this paper, we investigate the poset of prevarieties of generalised involutive bisemilattices, focussing in particular on the order ideal generated by Alg(PWK). Applying to this poset a general result by Alexej Pynko, we prove that, apart from classical logic, the only proper nontrivial extension of PWK is its maximally structurally incomplete companion: PWK_E, Paraconsistent Weak Kleene Logic plus Explosion. We describe its consequence relation via a variable-inclusion criterion and identify its Suszko reduced models.

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster.

Thursday, May 28th, 2020, 11:00, on Zoom.

Margherita Zorzi (University of Verona)
Compositional theories for embedded programming

Abstract:

Embedded programming style allows to split the syntax in two parts, representing respectively a host language H and a core language C embedded in H. This formally models several situations in which a user writes code in a main language and delegates some tasks to an ad hoc domain specific language. Moreover, as showed in recent years, a particular case of the host-core approach allows a flexible management of data linearity, which is particularly useful in non-classical computational paradigms such as quantum computing.
The definition of a systematised type theory to capture and standardize common properties of embedded languages is partially unexplored. We present a flexible fragment of such a type theory, together with its semantics in terms of enriched categories.
We introduce the calculus HC0 and we use the notion of internal language of a category to relate the language to the class of its models, showing the equivalence between the category of models and the one of theories. This provides a stronger result w.r.t. standard soundness and completeness since it involves not only the models but also morphisms between models. We observe that the definition of the morphisms between models highlights further advantages of the embedded languages and we discuss some concrete instances, extensions and specializations of the syntax and the semantics.

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster.

Friday, 29. May 2020, 16:00, via Zoom.
This seminar is complementary to the compact course Program Extraction.

Monika Seisenberger (Swansea University)
Logic in Railway Verification

Abstract: Mathematical methods always played an important role in the verification of Railway control systems. In this talk we present two different approaches, the first for discrete systems, the second for hybrid systems. Both were used in our collaboration with Industry. We start with traditional solid state Railway interlockings, often specified using a graphical language called Ladder Logic. We give a semantics for this language and show how to get from aladder logic specification to a satisfiability problem. This process has been automated, and several existing Interlocking case studies, provided by our Industrial partner Siemens Rail Automation, have been verified using automated theorem proving tools. We further applied our own SAT solver, which we extracted from a formal constructive proof of the completeness of the Davis-Putnam-Logemann-Loveland (DPLL) proof system. The extracted SAT solver is a verified algorithm, which either yields a model or a DPLL refutation of a given clause set [1]. In the second part, we present our modelling of the European Rail Traffic Management System ERTMS, a state-of-the-art train control system, which aims at improving the performance/capacity of rail traffic systems, without compromising their safety. It generalizes from traditional interlockings to a system that includes on-board equipment and communication between trains and interlockings via radio block processors. Whilst the correctness of discrete interlocking systems is well-researched, it is challenging to verify ERTMS based systems for safety properties such as collision freedom due to the involvement of continuous data. The modelling and verification is done in Real-Time Maude, a tool that allows for both simulation and verification of real-time and hybrid systems [2].

[1] U. Berger, A. Lawrence, F. Nordvall Forsberg, M. Seisenberger, Extracting Verified Decision Procedures: DPLL and Resolution, Logical Methods in Computer Science, 2015.
[2] U. Berger, P. James, A. Lawrence, M. Roggenbach, M. Seisenberger, Verification of the European Rail Traffic Management System in Real-Time Maude, Science of Computer Programming, JSP 2018.

Thursday, May 14th, 2020, 11:00, on Zoom.

Giulio Fellin (Universities of Verona, Trento and Helsinki)
Modal Logic for Induction (j.w.w. Sara Negri and Peter Schuster)

Abstract: We use modal logic to obtain syntactical, proof-theoretic versions of transfinite induction as axioms or rules within an appropriate labelled sequent calculus. While transfinite induction proper, also known as Noetherian induction, can be represented by a rule, the variant in which induction is done up to an arbitrary but fixed level happens to correspond to the Gödel–Löb axiom of provability logic. To verify the practicability of our approach in actual practice, we give a fairly universal pattern for proof transformation and test its use in several cases. Among other things, we give a direct and elementary syntactical proof of the theorem that the Gödel–Löb axiom characterises precisely the well-founded and transitive Kripke frames.

The seminar will be held on Zoom. In order to get access to the Zoom meeting, please contact Peter Schuster.

Notice that the timetable has changed!
NEW: links to course material added below

The minicourse “Program Extraction” by Monika Seisenberger will be held on-line from 25th to 29th May 2020.

Registration will be required by 25nd May 18:00. To register please send an email to Franziskus Wiesnet.

Program Extraction
Monika Seisenberger (Swansea University)

Part 1. Extraction of Programs from Constructive Proofs
1.1 Introduction, Curry Howard-Correspondence, Realizability Interpretation
1.2 Tool Support, Examples, Extension to Inductive Definitions

Part 2. Extraction of Programs from Classical Proofs
2.1 A-Translation, Choice principles
2.2 Applications for Both Parts

Timetable
Tuesday, May 26: 8:40-10:20
Wednesday, May 27: 8:40-10:20
Thursday, May 28: 8:40-10:20
Friday, May 29: 15:00-16:00

The course will be completed by the seminar talk Logic in Railway Verification on Friday, May 29 at 16:00-17:00.

Course material - course slides - minlog system - minlog tutorial

ATTENTION! The compact course below was canceled

The course will take place on March 9-27, 2020. Timetable below.

Category theory and point-free topology

The Compact Course “Category Theory and Point-Free Topology” is primarily aimed at both undergraduate, graduate and postgraduate students in mathematics with an interest in the intersection between logic, algebra and topology. The event will take place at the Department of Computer Science of the University of Verona, located in Strada le Grazie 15, Verona (Italy).

Lecturer
Simon Henry (University of Ottawa)

Summary
“Point-free topology” is the theory of “locales”. They are a type of spaces, very similar to topological spaces, except that they might not have an underlying set of points. Locales that have enough points are the same as topological spaces, but some locales have no points and are completely new objects. We will see how many notions and constructions of ordinary topology carry over to locales. Later in the course I will talk about the internal logic of categories of sheaves, which provide an extremely powerful tool to work with locales. I will explain how these mysterious “spaces without points” are closely connected to ‘forcing’ in set theory, as well as the strong connection between the the theory of locales and intuitionistic mathematics. The course will start with a basic introduction to category theory, including limits and co-limits, epi and monomorphisms, adjoint functors and adjoint functor theorem, etc. The theory of locales will give many illustrations and interesting example of these concepts.

Timetable
Monday, March 9, 13:40-16:10, Aula M.
Wednesday, March 11, 13:40-15:20, Aula G.
Friday, March 13, 13:40-16:10, Sala Riunioni Secondo Piano.
Monday, March 16, 13:40-16:10, Aula M.
Wednesday, March 18, 13:40-15:20, Aula G.
Friday, March 20, 13:40-16:10, Sala Riunioni Secondo Piano.
Monday, March 23, 13:40-16:10, Aula M.
Wednesday, March 25, 13:40-15:20, Aula G.
Friday, March 27, 13:40-16:10, Sala Riunioni Secondo Piano.

Registration
Participation is free. Participants not affiliated at the University of Verona are kindly asked to register by sending an e-mail to Giulio Fellin no later than 27 February 2020.

Acknowledgements
This compact course is run as part of the “Mathematics Mini-Courses” of the University of Verona, and within the projects “A New Dawn of Intuitionism: Mathematical and Philosophical Advances” (ID 60842) of the John Templeton Foundation, and “Reducing complexity in algebra, logic, combinatorics - REDCOM” belonging to the programme “Ricerca Scientifica di Eccellenza 2018” of the Fondazione Cariverona.

Contact
peter.schuster@univr.it
giulio.fellin@univr.it
Course page on univr.it

Wednesday, 12. February 2020, 16:30, Aula I.

Enrico Moriconi (Università degli Studi di Pisa)
Remarks on Sequent Calculus

Abstract

Wednesday, November 27th, 2019, 15:30, Sala riunioni secondo piano.

Davide Trotta (Università degli Studi di Trento)
Doctrines in categorical logic and the existential completion

Abstract: The notion of hyperdoctrine was introduced by F.W. Lawvere in a series of seminal papers to synthesize the structural properties of logical systems. His crucial intuition was to consider logical languages and theories as indexed categories and to study their 2-categorical properties. For instance, connectives and quantifiers are determined by adjunctions. In this seminar we introduce the notions of primary and existential doctrine, which generalize that of hyperdoctrine, and we present the existential completion. In particular we show how we can add left adjoints along certain functors to a primary doctrine obtaining an existential doctrine. Moreover we show that the 2-monad obtained from this free construction is lax-idempotent, and that the 2-category of existential doctrines is isomorphic to the 2-category of algebras for this 2-monad. Finally we extend the notion of exact completion of an elementary existential doctrine to an arbitrary elementary doctrine.

Wednesday, November 27th, 2019, 16:45, Sala riunioni secondo piano.

Branko Nikolić (Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia)
On Directed Colimits of Hilbert Spaces

Abstract: We will show that the category of Hilbert spaces and contractions has directed colimits, and that tensoring preserves them. We will also discuss (problems with) the generalization to bounded maps.

Tuesday, October 29th, 2019, 16:10, Aula C.

Roberta Bonacina (Università degli Studi dell’Insubria)
A simpler semantics for a large fragment of Homotopy Type Theory

Abstract: The standard homotopical interpretation for homotopy type theory is deep and useful, but it sounds odd that the full power of higher-order category theory is needed to describe what is a piece "computable’’ mathematics. We show that those complex categorical tools are not necessary, by proposing a novel semantics, based on 1-category theory, for a big fragment of homotopy type theory which contains the whole Martin-Löf type theory and some higher inductive types. We also describe some proof theoretic results for this system; in particular, we prove a normalisation theorem, extending Girard’s reducibility candidates technique.

Thursday, September 10th, 2019, 16:30, Sala Verde.

Olaf Beyersdorff (Friedrich Schiller University, Jena)
Solving and Proof Complexity for SAT and QBF

Abstract: SAT and QBF solvers have become ubiquitous tools for the solution of hard computational problems from almost all application domains. In this talk we explain the underlying algorithmic principles of solving, both for propositional satisfiability (SAT) and for the more complex case of quantified Boolean formulas (QBF). Particular emphasis will be placed on how these solving approaches can be modelled proof theoretically and which techniques are available to evaluate their proof complexity.

Bio: Since 2018 Olaf Beyersdorff is Professor of Theoretical Computer Science at the Friedrich Schiller University Jena. His research interests are in algorithms, complexity, computational logic, and in particular proof complexity. Before coming to Jena he spent six years at the University of Leeds, as Professor of Computational Logic (2017–18), Associate Professor (2015–17), and Lecturer (2012–15). Since 2018 he is a visiting professor at the University of Leeds. Before that he was a visiting professor (2011/12) and visiting researcher (2009/10) at Sapienza University Rome, Lecturer at Leibniz University Hanover (2007–12) and postdoc at Humboldt University Berlin (2006/07). Beyersdorff obtained a PhD from Humboldt University Berlin in 2006 and completed the habilitation at Leibniz University Hanover in 2011.

Friday, 31 May 2019, 10:30.

Four seminar talks will be given as part of the lecture course Proofs and Computations:

Giulio Fellin (University of Verona)
NID and Fullness

Marco Girardi (University of Trento)
Diagonal Arguments in Cartesian Closed Categories

Luca Pasetto (University of Verona)
Incompleteness via the Halting Problem

Francesco Sentieri (University of Verona)
Grothendieck Universes and Strongly Inaccessible Cardinals

Wednesday, 10. April 2019, 15:00, Aula M.

Michael Rathjen (University of Leeds)
Graph Theory and the Transfinite

A bit more than a 100 years ago, as a response to the foundational crisis in mathematics, Hermann Weyl published his “Das Kontinuum” in which he tried to rebuild mathematics from a stance that assumes the existence of the set of natural numbers as an actual completed infinity but no higher infinities. Much later in the 1970s, logicians began to systematically scour various chunks of ordinary mathematics to determine the existential commitments to the infinite that they required. This is known as “Reverse Mathematics”. To put it roughly, it turned out that most of “ordinary” mathematics didn’t need more than what Weyl had assumed. However, there are some notable exceptions. In particular graph theory sports some very nice theorems that require more of the transfinite. The talk will discuss some famous theorems and their relationships with the infinite world.

Wednesday, 3. April 2019, 10:30, Sala Riunioni (2nd floor).

Satoru Niki (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)
Empirical Negation and Beth Semantics

The negation in intuitionistic logic has a ‘future-oriented’ character, as elucidated by the valuation in Kripke models. Its application in mathematical contexts has been validated by the success of constructive mathematics. Its applicability in non-mathematical contexts, in contrast, is argued to have some problems. The existence of a different, ‘empirical’ notion of negation within the framework of intuitionistic logic has been discussed by Heyting, Dummett and others. De (2013) proposed empirical negation as falsity at the bottom root of a Kripke model, and De and Omori (2014) gave the axiomatisation of this logic.

In this talk, I will discuss how the choice of semantics in formulating empirical negation affects the logic one obtains, with Beth semantics as a particular example. This is followed by an examination of arithmetic with empirical negation.

Proof interpretations: A modern perspective
Thomas Powell (Technische Universität Darmstadt)

The aim of this course is to provide an introduction to proof interpretations and program extraction, up to the point where some of their applications in modern mathematics and computer science can be understood. I begin in the first lecture with a broad historical overview, tracing the origins of Gödel’s functional interpretation in Hilbert’s program and the early days of proof theory. The second and third lectures comprise an introduction to the extraction of computational content from proofs, both in the intuitionistic and classical setting. I conclude with a high level overview of the proof mining program, and present some recent applications of program extraction in functional analysis.

Fri 15 Mar 14:30-16:30
Mon 18 Mar 09:30-12:30
Tue 19 Mar 15:30-18:30
Wed 20 Mar 09:30-12:30

The lecture on Wednesday will comprise a research seminar:

A new application of proof mining in the fixed point theory of uniformly convex Banach spaces

Proof mining is a branch of proof theory which makes use of proof theoretic techniques to extract quantitative information from seemingly nonconstructive proofs. In this talk, I present a new application of proof mining in functional analysis, which focuses on the convergence of Picard iterates for generalisations of nonexpansive mappings in uniformly convex Banach spaces.

Venue:
Dipartimento di Informatica, Università di Verona
37134 Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15,
Cà Vignal 2, 2nd floor, sala riunioni

For further information, please see the course webpage.

Monday, 11 February 2019, Sala Verde.

Both talks have been recorded.

15:30

Takako Nemoto (Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology)

Systems for constructive reverse mathematics abstract

17:00

Peter Arndt (Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf)

Ranges of functors and elementary classes via topos theory

Given first order theories S,T and a functor F:Mod(S) –>Mod(T) between their categories of models, one can ask whether objects in the range of F satisfy first-order sentences other than those of T, and whether the essential image of F is an elementary class. Under certain conditions on F we can give criteria for this for so-called k-geometric first-order sentences and k-geometric elementary classes.

These criteria are obtained by considering classifying toposes associated to S and T, such that F is induced by a geometric morphism between them, and then factorizing this geometric morphism appropriately. The involved notions will be explained and examples will be given.

Thursday, 31 January 2018, 15:30, Sala Verde.

Dávid Natingga (University of Leeds) Introduction to α-Computability Theory

An ordinal α is admissible iff the α-th level Lα of Gödel’s constructible hierarchy satisfies the axioms of Kripke-Platek set theory (roughly predicative part of ZFC).

α-computability theory is the study of the first-order definability theory over Gödel’s Lα for an admissible ordinal α.

Equivalently, α-computability theory studies the computability on a Turing machine with a transfinite tape and time of an order type α for an admissible ordinal α.

The field of α-computability theory is the source of deep connections between computability theory, set theory, model theory, definability theory and other areas of mathematics.

Monday, 3 Dec 2018, Sala Verde.

15:00

Margherita Zorzi (Università di Verona)
A logic for quantum register measurements
(joint work with Andrea Masini)

We know that quantum logics are the most prominent logical systems associated to the lattices of closed Hilbert subspaces. But what happens if, following a quantum computing perspective, we want to associate a logic to the process of quantum registers measurements? This paper gives an answer to that question, and, quite surprisingly, shows that such a logic is nothing else but the standard propositional intuitionistic logic.

16:45

Ingo Blechschmidt (Università di Verona)
New reduction techniques in commutative algebra driven by logical methods

We present a new reduction technique which proposes the following trade-off: If we agree to restrict to constructive reasoning, then we may assume without loss of generality that a given reduced ring is Noetherian and in fact a field, thereby reducing to one of the easiest situations in commutative algebra.

This technique is implemented by constructing a suitable sheaf model and cannot be mimicked by classical reduction techniques. It has applications both in constructive algebra, for mining classical proofs for constructive content, and in classical algebra, where it has been used to substantially simplify the 50-year-old proof of Grothendieck’s generic freeness lemma.

Programme and abstracts can be found here.

Workshop
Friday, October 6th
Sala riunioni (2° piano)
Department of Computer Science

09:30   Thomas Streicher - An Effective Version of the Spectral Theorem
10:20   Hajime Ishihara - The Hahn-Banach theorem, constructively revisited
11:10   Coffee break
11:50   Ihsen Yengui - Algorithms for computing syzygies over V[X1,…,Xn], V a valuation ring
12:40   Takako Nemoto - Finite sets and infinite sets in weak intuitionistic arithmetic
13:30   Lunch break
15:30   Fabio Pasquali - Choice principles and the tripos-to-topos construction
16:40   Chuangjie Xu - Unifying (Herbrand) functional interpretations of (nonstandard) arithmetic

Abstracts:

Hajime Ishihara The Hahn-Banach theorem, constructively revisited

We review known constructive versions, such as the separation theorem and continuous extension theorem, of the Hahn-Banach theorem and their proofs, and consider new versions including the dominated extension theorem and their proofs.

Takako Nemoto Finite sets and infinite sets in weak intuitionistic arithmetic

We consider, for a set A of natural numbers, the following notions of finiteness

FIN1: There are k and m0,…,mk-1 such that A={m0,…,mk-1} ;
FIN2: There is an upper bound for A;
FIN3: There is m such that for all B ⊆ A (|B|<m);
FIN4: It is not the case that, for all x, there is y such that y∈ A;
FIN5: It is not the case that, for all m, there is B ⊆ A such that |B|=m,

and infiniteness

INF1: There are no k and m0,…,mk-1 such that A={m0,…,mk-1};
INF2: There is no upper bound for A;
INF3: There is no m such that for all B ⊆ A (|B|<m);
INF4: For all y, there is x>y such that x∈ A;
INF5: For all m, there is B ⊆ A such that |B|=m.

We systematically compare them in the method of constructive reverse mathematics. We show that the equivalence among them can be characterized by various combinations of induction axioms and non-constructive principles, including the axiom called bounded comprehension.

Fabio Pasquali Choice principles and the tripos-to-topos construction

In this talk we study the connections between choice principles expressed in categorical logic and the Tripos-to-Topos construction [HJP80]. This is a joint work with M. E. Maietti and G. Rosolini based on [MPR, MR16, Pas17].

[HJP80] J.M.E. Hyland, P.T. Johnstone and A.M. Pitts. Tripos Theory. Math. Proc. Camb. Phil. Soc., 88:205-232, 1980.
[MR16] M.E. Maietti and G. Rosolini. Relating quotient completions via categorical logic. In Dieter Probst and Peter Schuster (eds), editors, Concepts of Proof in Mathematics, Philosophy and Computer Science, pages 229 - 250. De Gruyter, 2016.
[Pas17] F. Pasquali. Hilbert’s epsilon-operator in Doctrines. IfCoLog Journal of Logics and their Applications. Vol 4, Num 2: 381-400, 2017
[MPR] M.E. Maietti, F. Pasquali and G. Rosolini. Triposes, exact completions and Hilbert’s epsilon operator. In preparation.

Chuangjie Xu Unifying (Herbrand) functional interpretations of (nonstandard) arithmetic

We extend Oliva’s method [3] to obtain a parametrised functional interpretation for nonstandard arithmetic. By instantiating the parametrised relations, we obtain the Herbrand functional interpretations introduced in [2,4] for nonstandard arithmetic as well as the usual, well-known ones for Berger’s uniform Heyting arithmetic [1].

[1] U. Berger, Uniform Heyting arithmetic, Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 133 (2005), no. 1, 125-148.
[2] F. Ferreira and J. Gaspar, Nonstandardness and the bounded functional interpretation, Annals of
Pure and Applied Logic 166 (2015), no. 6, 701-712.
[3] P. Oliva, Unifying functional interpretations, Notre Dame J. Formal Logic 47 (2006), no. 2, 263-290.
[4] B. van den Berg, E. Briseid, and P. Safarik, A functional interpretation for nonstandard arithmetic, Annals of Pure and Applied Logic 163 (2012), no. 12, 1962-1994.

Organised by Peter Schuster and Daniel Wessel.

Please note further that on Thursday, October 5th, 4pm, there will be a departmental seminar with Olivia Caramello: The proof-theoretic relevance of Grothendieck topologies

11. May 2017

Lorenzo Rossi (Paris Lodron University of Salzburg) A unified approach to truth and implication 

The truth predicate is commonly thought to be symmetric, at least in the sense that for every sentence A, A and “A is true” should be inter-substitutable salva veritate. In this paper, we study an object-linguistic predicate for implication obeying similar symmetry requirements. While several non-classical logics are compatible with symmetric truth, theories of symmetric implication can only be formulated in a small class of substructural logics. We present an axiomatic theory of symmetric implication and truth over Peano Arithmetic, called SyIT, formulated in a non-reflexive logic, and we study its semantics and proof-theory. First, we show that SyIT axiomatizes a class of fixed-point models that generalize Saul Kripke’s (1975) fixed points for symmetric truth. Second, we compare SyIT with the theory PKF_ _(Halbach and Horsten 2006), an axiomatization of Kripke’s fixed points for truth in strong Kleene logic, and we show that SyIT and PKF are proof-theoretically equivalent. The latter result shows that going substructural and adding a symmetric implication predicate to a theory of symmetric truth comes at no proof-theoretical costs.

(Joint work with Carlo Nicolai, LMU Munich)

slides

8. May 2017

Categories, Constructions, Sets and Types Minisymposium